|
FRONTPAGE_NO_TRANSLATION_AVAILABLE
KABUL -- Slipping by his rivals with a platform of security and
reconstruction that resonated with war-weary voters, a new president of
Afghanistan was elected this week: the baby-faced, 20-year-old Munir
Farahmand.
Who?
That, at least, is how things unfolded on "The Candidate," a reality
TV show that pits young Afghans against each other in a mock election.
Fans of the show watched over the last two and a half months as the
young, make-believe candidates developed policies and campaigned.
Viewers placed votes by sending text messages from their cell phones.
Kate Brooks for The Wall Street Journal
Munir Farahmand, middle right and Ajuba Daqiq were the two finalists. Mr. Farahmand was selected as the winner.
Afghanistan's
real elections, scheduled to be held on Aug. 20, have been marred by
insurgent violence, privilege-peddling and questions over candidates'
associations with warlords.
Leading candidates, including incumbent Hamid Karzai, have avoided
developing detailed platforms. They instead rely on patronage and
tribal and political networks to win support.
But viewers of "The Candidate" have been treated to an entirely
different experience. Young contestants have carefully cultivated
policy proposals to curry favor with viewers. The winner got a laptop
and office supplies to encourage him to set up a campaign office and
get involved in politics in the real world.
"It's part of the process of getting Afghans to think about politics
in terms of issues and not personalities," says Jahid Mohseni, chief
executive of Tolo TV, the private channel that airs the program. "We
are pushing for a shift in the culture, so that people start to realize
how elections are supposed to work"
"The Candidate" draws on the success of viewer-input programs like the American Idol-inspired "Afghan Star," also from Tolo TV.
The election show featured six Afghans, all under the age of 23, who
used a team of advisers to develop a platform. They then appeared in
front of a panel of experts to defend their policies. At the close of
each episode, viewers voted off the candidate they think performed most
poorly.
"The whole experience has given me a lesson in democracy that I
wouldn't have gotten just listening to the real campaigns," says Ajuba
Daqiq, 19, who was the runner up to Mr. Farahmand.
Ms. Daqiq captured the imagination of many female university
students in Kabul. Usually adorned in tailored jackets of green, red
and black to match the Afghan flag, Ms. Daqiq campaigned with policies
that were more detailed than that of any real candidates'.
She supported a prime ministerial system (Afghanistan has a
presidential system) and called for negotiations and power-sharing with
the Taliban. Ms. Daqiq also suggested starting compulsory military
service to bolster the country's security forces.
For over two months, she took this message to Kabul's streets. Like
other candidates, she canvassed Kabul University and other places
frequented by young, educated Afghans. She even plastered her posters
alongside those of actual presidential candidates.
On Wednesday, Ms. Daqiq went up against Mr. Farahmand in the season
finale, where both faced tough questions from a panel of mostly of
university professors. In one typical exchange, Mr. Farahmand presented
his proposal to fund education. "According to my calculations, every
schoolchild should pay 30 Afghanis (about 60 cents) to go to school,"
he said.
"Millions of Afghans are still living under the poverty line," shot
back one of the judges. "Do you expect a child who sells plastic bags
on the street to be able to afford to go to these private schools?"
That is the type of public scrutiny that actual candidates rarely
receive here. Tolo TV hosted a televised presidential debate in July.
But Mr. Karzai, who is considered the front-runner in the real
elections, declined to show up, saying the channel was biased. On
Thursday, Mr. Karzai said that he expects to win the election and then
offer government posts to his biggest challengers.
In a country where the World Bank estimates only 13% of the rural
population has access to electricity, shows such as "The Candidate"
have a limited impact. "This is a niche show, mostly reaching educated
people who can follow these issues," says Paul Wade, a spokesman for
Tolo TV.
The station wouldn't give viewership numbers, but said it received tens of thousands of text message votes.
Still, Tolo executives hope the show will help develop a new
generation of leaders. "I've been inspired by this show," says Daud
Ashraf, 23 years old, a university student and fan of the program. "I
want to run for office one day. I'm fed up with the fraud and violence
of the real elections. We need new politicians."
It is still difficult, for even young Afghans to transcend the petty
politics which they have grown up watching. Some losers on the show
have been unwilling to accept the results of the mock democracy. They
protested the results by storming off the stage and alleging that the
results were rigged.
After Ms. Daqiq lost, she levied accusations against her opponents that could have come straight from the real campaign trail.
"I never expected to lose," she says. "The winner spent tons of
money and bought a lot of [cell phone lines] so that he could vote for
himself."
Ms. Daqiq's advisers say she is expressing the perseverance and
tenacity required to be a politician here. Indeed, the confident teen
is planning to launch a political career.
|